SERVICE · E-INVOICING
E-invoicing: one foundation, many countries
E-invoicing is the exchange of invoices as structured data, not PDF. EN 16931 is the European core standard, and Peppol BIS the most widely used format. On top of them sit national requirements — KSeF/Fa(3), XRechnung, EHF and Nemhandel. Struktura connects them to your SAP, Business Central or other ERP.
Last updated: 2026-06-25
What is e-invoicing?
An e-invoice is an invoice sent and received as structured data that a machine can read directly — not a PDF or an image. It enables automation of coding, approval and reporting, and it is the prerequisite for the digital VAT requirements arriving with ViDA.
What are EN 16931 and Peppol BIS?
EN 16931 is the European core standard for what an e-invoice must contain — the common semantic model behind most national formats. Peppol BIS is the most widely used format and network for actually sending and receiving the invoices across borders. Together they are the foundation everything else builds on.
National requirements: KSeF, XRechnung, EHF and Nemhandel
On top of the common standard, each country has its own requirements:
- Poland — KSeF / Fa(3): mandatory national e-invoicing via a central state system.
- Germany — XRechnung: the standard for the public sector, with B2B e-invoicing being phased in.
- Norway — EHF: the Norwegian Peppol-based standard.
- Denmark — Nemhandel / OIOUBL: the Danish public-sector format.
For a group, the challenge is rarely one country — it is getting them all to work together.
How to integrate e-invoicing in SAP, Business Central and other ERP
Neither SAP nor Business Central supports every national format out of the box. Struktura maps which countries and formats you need to cover and connects them to your ERP — via a Peppol access point and format mapping (EN 16931 ↔ KSeF/Fa(3), XRechnung, EHF) — so you send the right format to each country, first time.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between a PDF and an e-invoice?
A PDF is an image of an invoice that a human must read. An e-invoice is structured data that systems can process automatically — and it is the e-invoice the law requires.
What is Peppol?
Peppol is an international network and a set of formats (Peppol BIS) for exchanging e-invoices securely across borders. It builds on the European standard EN 16931.
Do we have to use KSeF if we trade in Poland?
Yes. KSeF is Poland’s national e-invoicing system, and structured e-invoicing in the Fa(3) format becomes mandatory. If you have subsidiaries in Poland, your ERP must be able to deliver to KSeF.
Can Business Central send e-invoices to several countries?
Yes, but rarely without adaptation. With the right setup and a Peppol access point, Business Central can handle Nemhandel, Peppol BIS and national formats such as KSeF and XRechnung.